A newly published study by BEE-GUARDS partners reports the accidental introduction of the red dwarf honey bee (Apis florea) into Malta and investigates the pathogens carried by this non-native species.
The researchers found a high prevalence of Deformed Wing Virus A (DWV-A) and Nosema ceranae, together with several other important honey bee viruses. Importantly, the study highlights that these pathogens were most likely introduced together with the bees, rather than acquired after their arrival in Malta. Furthermore, the viruses were actively replicating, evidence that the bees were not simply carrying viral traces but were genuinely infected.
Why does this matter?
Islands provide a unique opportunity to study how invasive species and their pathogens interact with local pollinator communities. The study also reminds us that the movement of honey bees—intentional or accidental—can transport not only bees, but also the diseases they carry.
Continued monitoring will be essential to determine whether Apis florea becomes an established reservoir of honey bee pathogens in Malta or remains an isolated introduction.
Congratulations to the international research team on this important contribution to our understanding of honey bee health.
Read the paper here:
https://zoobank.org/5C82CFC2-4F25-43E4-B88A-1AEAE60E7420
Photo: A. Uzunov
Read even more
The following 3 studies (see links below) collectively demystify the first recorded establishment of the Asian red dwarf honey bee ( Apis florea ) in Europe. Through a systematic and stepwise approach, the core research team has assembled the pieces of this important biological puzzle, providing clarity on its establishment, and implications.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00218839.2024.2386888
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0005772X.2025.2499756